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3 – Explosive Weapons, Rubble & Lifelong Harm

The report links mass child casualties to the use of wide-area explosive weapons in densely populated areas. It also warns that unexploded ordnance remains a continuing danger amid at least 61 million tons of rubble, while at least 21,000 children were newly disabled in Gaza.

4 – Direct Fire & Post-ceasefire Killings

The Commission documents a pattern of children being shot while evacuating, sheltering, seeking food, or moving near post-ceasefire demarcation areas. It received reports of 168 children with gunshot wounds, including at least 88 killed; at least 70 were shot by quadcopters and at least 20 by snipers.

5 – West Bank & Settler Violence

In the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, Israeli security forces killed 213 Palestinian children between 7 October 2023 and 20 October 2025. The report also records a sharp rise in settler violence, including more than 1,000 attacks across 230 Palestinian communities in the first half of 2025.

6 – Children in Detention

The report says Palestinian children were caught in mass arrests and detention, with the number and whereabouts of child detainees from Gaza remaining unknown. In the West Bank, more than 1,655 children were detained since October 2023; by December 2025, 51% of 351 Palestinian child detainees in IPS prisons were held under administrative detention.

7 – Newborn Care Under Collapse

Attacks on healthcare and supply restrictions sharply reduced newborn care. Gaza’s incubators fell from 178 to 54 after northern neonatal units were destroyed, newborn bed capacity dropped by 50%, and by March 2026, 70% of newborns were classified as premature or underweight.

8 – Education System Shattered

Gaza’s education system was effectively shattered. By October 2025, 459 of 564 school buildings had been directly hit, affecting nearly 497,712 students, while by November 2025, 95% of university campuses in Gaza had also been affected.

9 – Orphaned, Separated, Unaccompanied

The report describes a major breakdown in family care and child protection systems. Between 7 October 2023 and 7 October 2025, an estimated 58,554 children lost one or both parents, while 17,000–18,000 children were unaccompanied or separated from their parents.

10 – Siege, Hunger & Mental Harm

The report links displacement, siege, food insecurity, water scarcity and trauma to long-term harm for children. At least 1.9 million people were forcibly transferred inside Gaza, nearly 95,000 children were identified with acute malnutrition in 2025, and nearly all of Gaza’s 1.2 million children were estimated to need mental health and psychosocial support.

11 – What the Report Concludes

The Commission does not frame the harm to Palestinian children as merely incidental. It finds on reasonable grounds that Israeli authorities and security forces continued to commit genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in Gaza, and war crimes in the West Bank, while calling for cessation of attacks, reparations, accountability and child-responsive justice.